grammar

« Trop » and « assez »: Too much or just enough.

When you want to express that something is excessive or just sufficient, you will reach for the words trop (too / too much) and assez (enough / quite). The trick is knowing how their structure changes depending on whether you are modifying an adjective or a noun.

Using « Trop » (Too / Too much)

When describing a quality (an adjective), you use trop by itself. But when you are talking about a quantity of things (a noun), you absolutely must add the word de.

⚖️ Trop: Adjectives vs. Nouns

■ « Trop » + adjectif (Too...)

trop chaud (too hot)

trop lent (too slow)

trop difficile (too difficult)

■ « Trop de » + nom (Too much/many...)

trop de bruit (too much noise)

trop de sucre (too much sugar)

trop de problèmes (too many problems)

Using « Assez » (Enough / Quite)

The exact same structural rule applies to assez. Use it directly with adjectives, but add de when pairing it with a noun.

⚖️ Assez: Adjectives vs. Nouns

■ « Assez » + adjectif (Quite... / ...enough)

assez fort (strong enough / quite strong)

assez rapide (fast enough / quite fast)

assez clair (clear enough / quite clear)

■ « Assez de » + nom (Enough...)

assez de temps (enough time)

assez d'eau (enough water - note the d' before a vowel)

assez de courage (enough courage)

💡 The "De" Reminder

When these adverbs are followed by a noun, they are usually followed by de or d': trop de travail, assez d'eau, and beaucoup de livres. In other structures, the article may still be present, so learn this as a pattern rather than an absolute rule.